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Publications – Marten Geertsema

Last updated on December 1, 2023

Marten studies and advises on geohazards. Particularly, focusing on landslides hazards and ecology.  

Position Title: Research Geomorphologist

​​Contact: B.C. Government Directory 

Current research projects

  • Landslide-generated wave hazard
  • Landslide ecology and restoration
  • Cryospheric geohazards
  • Environmental impacts of landslides
  • Sensitive clay landslides
  • Landslide studies in Alaska, Iran, Norway, Switzerland

Publications

Listed in order of publication date:

2016 to 2020:

2020:

  • Fan X, Dufresne A, Subramanian SS, Strom A, Hermanns R, Stefanelli CT, Hewitt K, Yunus AP, Dunning S, Capra L, Geertsema M, Miller BGN, Casagli N, Jansen JD, Xu Q (2020) The formation and impact of landslide dams–State of the art. Earth-Science Reviews, p.103116.
  • Deijns A.A.J., van Zadelhoff F, Bevington A, De Jong SM, Geertsema M, McDougall S (2020) Semi-automated detection and dating of landslides using harmonic modelling, Buckinghorse River, Canada. International Journal of Applied Earth Observations and Geoinformation 84, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2019.101943
  • Friele P, Millard T, Mitchell A, Allstadt K, Menounos B, Geertsema M, Clague J (2020) Observations on the May 2019 Joffre Peak landslides, British Columbia. Landslides
  • Shahabi H, Shirzadi A, Ghaderi K, Omidvar E, Malek M, Clague J, Geertsema M, Khosarvi K, Amini A, Bahrami S, Rahmati O, Habbi K, Nguyen H, Melesse A, Ahmad B (2020) Flood Detection and Susceptibility Mapping by GIS, Remote Sensing and Machine Learning Approaches: Multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Remote Sensing Data and Hybrid Intelligence of Bagging Ensemble Based on K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier. Remote Sensing 12(266):1-30.
  • Nhu V-H, Shirzadi A, Shahabi H, Chen W, Clague JJ, Geertsema M, Jaafari A, Avand M,  Miraki S, Asl DT, Pham BT, Ahmad BB, Lee S (2020) Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping by Random Forest Base Classifier and its Ensembles in a Semi-Arid Region of Iran. Forests  11, 421.

2019:

  • Barth, S., Geertsema, M., Bevington, A., Bird, A., Clague, J., Millard, T., Bobrowsky. P., Hasler A. & Liu, H. (2019). Landslide response to the 27 October 2012 earthquake (Mw 7.8), southern Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada.  Landslides https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-019-01292-7
  • Dufresne, A. & Geertsema, M. (2019). Rock slide-debris avalanches: flow transformation and hummock formation – examples from British Columbia.  Landslides https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-019-01280-x
  • Dufresne, A. Wolken, GJ. Hibert C, Bessette-Kirton EK, Coe JA, Geertsema, M.  Ekstrom G (2019). The 2016 Lamplugh rock avalanche, Alaska: deposit structures and emplacement dynamics. Landslides 16: 2301-2319.
  • Hibert, C., Michea, D., Provost, F., Malet, J.P., & Geertsema, M. (2019). Exploration of continuous seismic recordings with a machine learning approach to document 20 yr of landslide activity in Alaska. Geophysical Journal International 219 (2), 1138-1147.
  • Highland, L., & Geertsema, M., (2019). Human Health Effects of Landslides. In: Nriagu, J. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Environmental Health. Elsevier, vol. 3, pp. 554–557. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.11577-5
  • Hock, R,.  . . . Geertsema, M. . . .et al. (2019). High Mountain Areas. Chapter 2, In The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 94 pp. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337412921_Chapter_2_High_Mountain_Areas
  • Tien Bui, D., Shahabi H., Omidvar, E., Shirzadi, A., Geertsema, M., Clague, J., & et al. (2019). Shallow landslide prediction using a novel hybrid functional machine learning algorithm.  Remote Sensing 11 (8), 931
  • Tien Bui, D., Shirzadi, A., Shahabi H., Geertsema, M., Clague, J., & et al. (2019). New ensemble models for shallow landslide suceptibility modeling in a semi-arid environment.  Forests 10(9) 743

2018:

  • Geertsema M, Blais-Stevens A, Kwoll  E,  Venditi J, Menounos B,  Grenier A, Wiebe K 2018.  Sensitive clay landslide detection in and around Lakelse Lake, British Columbia, Canada.  Sedimentary Geology
  • Higman B, Shugar DH, Stark SP, Ekstrom G, Koppes M, Lynett P, Dufresne A, Haeussler PJ, Geertsema M, and others 2018.The 2015 landslide and tsunami in Taan Fiord, Alaska. Scientific Reports 12993.
  • Leverkus SER, Fuhlendorf SD, Geertsema M, Allred BW, Gregory M, Bevington A, Engle DM, Scasta JD 2018. Resource selection of free-ranging horses influenced by fire in northern Canada.Human-Wildlife Interactions 12: 85-101.
  • Miller BGN, Dufresne A, Geertsema M,Atkinson N, Evensen H, Cruden DM 2018. Longevity of dams from landslides with sub-channel rupture surfaces, Peace River region, Canada. Geoenvironmental DisastersDOI 10.1186/s40677-017-0090-0
  • Miller, B.G.N., Dufresne, A., Geertsema, M., Atkinson, N., Evensen, H., and Cruden, D.M. 2018. Longevity of dams from landslides with sub-channel rupture surfaces, Peace River region, Canada. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 5:1.
  • Dufresne A, Geertsema M, Shugar DH, and others 2018.  Sedimentology and geomorphology of a large tsunamigenic landslide, Taan Fiord, Alaska. Sedimentary Geology 364: 302-318.
  • Haeussler PJ, Gulick SPS, McCall N, Walton MAL,  Reece R, Larsen C, Shugar DH, Geertsema M, Venditti JG, Labay k 2018. Submarine deposition of a subaerial landslide in Taan Fiord, Alaska.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 123: 2443-2463.  DOI: 10.1029/2018JF004608
  • Miller, B.G.N., Filatow, D., Dufresne, A., Geertsema, M., and Dinney, M. 2018. Engineering Geomorphological Mapping. In: Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology. Springer

2017:

  • Miller BGN, Filatow DS, Dufresne A, Geertsema M, Dinney M 2017. Engineering Geomorphological Mapping.  In PT Bobrowsky B Marker (eds). Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology
  • Sacco D, Ward BC. Lian OB, Maynard D, Geertsema M 2017. Quaternary geology of part of the McLeod Lake map area (NTS 093J), central British Columbia: lithostratigraphy, glacial history, and chronology. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences.
  • Locat A, Demers D, Locat P, Geertsema M 2017. Sensitive Clay landslides in Canada
  • Bevington A, Brideau M-A, Geertsema M 2017. Mountain environments. In PT Bobrowsky B Marker (eds). Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology
  • Coe JA, Bessette-Kirton EK, Geertsema M 2017. Increasing rock-avalanche size and mobility in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska detected from 1984 to 2016 Landsat imagery. Landslides
  • Geertsema M 2017. Quick clay.In PT Bobrowsky B Marker (eds). Encyclopedia of Engineering Geolog
  • Menounos, B., A. Bevington & M. Geertsema. 2017. Glacier Environments. In Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology, P. T. Bobrowsky, B. Marker (eds.). Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham.
  • Geertsema M, Cruden DM, Clague JJ 2017. The landslide-modified glacimarine landscape of the Terrace-Kitimat area, British Columbia.  In: Slaymaker O. (eds) Landscapes and Landforms of Western Canada. World Geomorphological Landscapes. Springer, Cham
  • Leverkus S, Fuhlendorf S, Geertsema M, Elmore R, Engle D, Baum K. 2017. A landscape disturbance matrix for conserving biodiversity. Journal of Ecosystems and Management 17: 1-26.
  • Bevington A, Clague JJ, Millard T, Walker I, Geertsema M 2017. The diverse landscapes of Haida Gwaii. n: Slaymaker O. (eds) Landscapes and Landforms of Western Canada. World Geomorphological Landscapes. Springer, Cham
  • Bevington, A., J.J. Clague, T. Millard, I.J. Walker & M. Geertsema. 2017. The diverse landscapes of Haida Gwaii. In Landscapes and Landforms of Western Canada. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-44595-3_21
  • Bevington, A., M.-A. Brideau & M. Geertsema. 2017. Mountain Environments. In Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology, P. T. Bobrowsky, B. Marker (eds.). Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12127-7_209-1

2016:

  • Kargel, J.S., G.J. Leonard, D.H. Shugar, U.K. Haritashya, A. Bevington, E.J. Fielding, K. Fujita, M. Geertsema, E.S. Miles, … N. Young. 2016. Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal’s 2015 Gorkha earthquake. Science, 351(6269), 141–151. DOI: 10.1126/science.aac8353
  • Blais-Stevens, A., Empey, M., Geertsema, M. and Grenier, A. 2016. Evidence of sublacustrine landslides in Lakelse Lake, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada Open File 8059, Poster doi:10.4095/298752
  • Blais-Stevens A, Maynard D, Weiland I,Geertsema M, Behnia P 2016.Surficial geology and landslide inventory in Douglas Channel fjord, northwest British Columbia.Geo-Vancouver, Vancouver, Canada.
  • Cloutier C, Locat J, Geertsema M,SchnorbusM, Jakob M2016. Summary of the report Potential Impacts of climate change on landslides occurrence in Canada. In: GeoVancouver, Vancouver, Canada.
  • Cloutier C, Locat J, Geertsema M, Jakob M, Schnorbus M. 2016.  Potential Impacts of climate change on landslides occurrence in Canada. In: Ho KKS, Lacasse S, Picarelli L (eds) Slope safety preparedness for impact of climate change. CRC, Boca Raton, pp 71–104. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315387789-5

2011 to 2015:

2015:

  • Hasler A, Geertsema M, Foord VN, Gruber S, Noetzle J. 2015.  The influence of surface characteristics, topography and continentality on mountain permafrost in British Columbia.  The Cryosphere 9: 1025-1038.
  • Wirz, V, Geertsema, M, Gruber S, Purves RS. 2015 Temporal variability of diverse mountain permafrost slope movements derived from multiyear daily GPS data, Mattertal, Switzerland.  Landslides  DOI: 10.1007/s10346-014-0544-3
  • Blais-Stevens A, Geertsema M, Schwab JW, Asch, Th van 2015.  The Sutherland River rock slide – debris avalanche, central British Coumbia.  Engineering and Environmental Geoscience. 

2014:

  • Geertsema M, L’Heureux J-S 2014.  Controls on the dimensions of landslides in sensitive clays.  In L'Heureux et al (eds.): Landslides in Sensitive Clays, Chapter: 9, Publisher: Springer Netherlands, pp.105-117.
  • Geertsema M, van Hees M, Chiarle M, Hayek J 2014. Debris flow on a seasonally frozen rupture surface at Moose Lake, British Columbia.  In: Shan W et al. (eds.) Landslides in Cold Regions in the Context of Climate Change. Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Switzerland, pp. 263-270.
  • Deline P, Gruber S, Delaloye R, Fischer L, Geertsema M, Giardino M, Hasler A, Kirkbride M, Krautblatter M, Magnin F., McColl S, Ravanel L, Schoeneich P. 2014.  Ice Loss and Slope Stability in High-Mountain Regions. In: Volume 6:          Snow- and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks and Disasters         ( W. Haeberli  C. & Whiteman, editors) In: Hazards, Risks and Disasters (J. Shroder, editor). Elsevier Book Series.
  • Geertsema, M. and V.N. Foord. 2014. Landslides in the isolated patches permafrost zone, Northeastern British Columba (NTS Mapsheet 94G east half). In: Sassa K., Canuti P., Yin Y. (eds) Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment, Springer, Cham. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_69.

2013:

  • Geertsema M, Chiarle M. 2013.  Mass movement:  Effects of glacial thinning. In: John F. Shroder (ed.) Treatise on Geomorphology, Volume 7, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, vol. 7, pp. 217–222.
  • Hasler A, Geertsema M 2013.  Provisional permafrost map of British Columbia. http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/esd/distdata/ecosystems/Permafrost/PermaFrostModel/
  • Geertsema M 2013. Jokulhlaups.  In: PT Bobrowsky (ed) Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards. Springer, pp. 567-569.
  • Geertsema M 2013. Quick clay.  In: PT Bobrowsky (ed) Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards. Springer, pp. 803-804.
  • DeLong, C., P. Burton and M. Geertsema. 2013. Natural disturbance processes. In A.-H. El-Shaarawi and W. Piegorsch, editors. Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK.
  • Geertsema M 2013. Quick clay landslides, landscape evolution, and climate change: a perspective from British Columbia.  In C.Margotinni et al. (eds). Landslide Science and Practice, Vol. 4. DOI10.1007/978-3-31337-0_15.  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp 115-120.
  • Geertsema M, Chiarle M. 2013.  Mass movement:  Effects of glacial thinning. In: John F. Shroder (ed.) Treatise on Geomorphology, Volume 7, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, vol. 7, pp. 217–222.
  • Geertsema M, Chiarle M, Shan W  2013.  Part IV -Advances in the understanding of cold region landslides – Introduction. In C.Margotinni et al. (eds). Landslide Science and Practice, Vol. 4.  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,  pp 327-238.
  • Hasler A, Geertsema M 2013.  Provisional permafrost map of British Columbia. http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/esd/distdata/ecosystems/Permafrost/PermaFrostModel/

2012:

  • Millard T, Geertsema M, Clague JJ, Bobrowsky PT, Hasler A, Sakals M.  2012.  Landslides on Haida Gwaii during and after the earthquake. Risky Ground – newsletter for the Centre for Natural Hazard Research, SFU. Winter Edition, pp. 12-13.
  • Sakals, M.E., M. Geertsema, J.W. Schwab, and V.N. Foord. 2012. The Todagin Creek landslide of October 3, 2006, Northwest British Columbia, Canada. Landslides 9(1):107-115 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M 2012.  Initial Observations of the 11 June 2012 Rock/Ice Avalanche, Lituya Mountain, Alaska. The First Meeting of ICL Cold Region Landslides Network, Harbin, China. 2012, pp. 49-54.. 

2011:

  • Geertsema, M. and J.J. Clague. 2011. Pipeline routing in landslide-prone terrain. Innovation 15(4):17-21 
  • Geertsema, M. and L.M. Highland. 2011. Landslides: Human Health Effects. In: Nriagu, J.O. (editor). Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, volume 3, pp. 380-395, Burlington; Elsevier. [Link]

2006 to 2010:

2010:

  • Sacco, D.A., B.C. Ward, D. Maynard, M. Geertsema, and S. Reichheld. 2010. Terrain Mapping, Glacial History and Drift Prospecting in the Northwest Corner of McLeod Lake Map Area (Part of NTS 093J), Central British Columbia. in Geoscience BC Summary of Activities 2009, Geoscience BC, Report 2010-1, pp. 33-42 
  • Clague, J.J., J. Koch, and M. Geertsema. 2010. Expansion of outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield in northwest British Columbia during the past two millennia. The Holocene 20(3):447-461 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., J.W. Schwab, P. Jordan, T.H. Millard, and T.P. Rollerson. 2010. Hillslope Processes (Chapter 8). In: Pike, R.G., T.E. Redding, R.D. Moore, R.D. Winkler, and K.D. Bladon (editors). 2010. Compendium of forest hydrology and geomorphology in British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Range, For. Sci. Prog., Victoria, B.C. and FORREX Forum for Research and Extension in Natural Resources, Kamloops, B.C. Land Manag. Handb. 66. Pp. 213-273. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Lmh/Lmh66.htm [Link]Co-published 2010 with FORREX Forum for Research and Extension in Natural Resources 
  • Schwab, J.W. and M. Geertsema. 2010. Terrain stability mapping on British Columbia forest lands: an historical perspective. Natural Hazards 53(1):63-75. [Link]

2009:

  • Begueria, S., M.J. van Hees, and M. Geertsema. 2009. Comparison of three landslide runout models on the Turnoff Creek rock avalanche, British Columbia. In: Malet, J.P., A. Remaitre, and T. Bogaard, (editors.). Landslide Processes: From Geomorphologic Mapping to Dynamic Modelling, Proceedings of the Landslide Processes Conference: A tribute to Theo van Asch. Strasbourg, 6-7 February 2009, Strasbourg, France. pp 243-247. [Link]
  • Geertsema, M. and D.M. Cruden. 2009. Rock movements in northeastern British Columbia. In: Malet, J.P., A. Remaitre, and T. Bogaard, (editors.). Landslide Processes: From Geomorphologic Mapping to Dynamic Modelling, Proceedings of the Landslide Processes Conference: A tribute to Theo van Asch. Strasbourg, 6-7 February 2009, Strasbourg, France. pp 31-36. [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., J.W. Schwab, A. Blais-Stevens, and M.E. Sakals. 2009. Landslides impacting linear infrastructure in west central British Columbia. Natural Hazards 48(1):59-72. [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., L. Highland, and L. Vaugeouis. 2009. Environmental impacts of landslides. In: Sassa, K. and P. Canuti (editors). Landslides - Disaster Risk Reduction, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 585-604. [Link]
  • Ward, B., D. Maynard, M. Geertsema, and T. Rabb. 2009. Ice-Flow History, Drift Thickness and Drift Prospecting for a Portion of the QUEST Project Area, Central British Columbia (NTS 093G, H [west half], J). in Geoscience BC Summary of Activities 2008, Geoscience BC, Report 2009-1, pp. 25-32 

2008:

  • Geertsema, M. and J. Clague. 2008. Natural dams, temporary lakes, and outburst floods in western Canada. In: Casagli, N., R. Fanti, and V.Tofani (editors). Web Proceedings of The First World Landslide Forum, 18-21 November 2008. United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 211-214 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., J.W. Schwab, and A. Blais-Stevens. 2008. Landslides and linear infrastructure in west-central British Columbia. In: 4th Canadian Conference on Geohazards, Quebec PQ [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., L. Highland, and L. Vaugeouis. 2008. Environmental impact of landslides. In: Sassa, D., and P. Canuti eds., Plenary Session Volume, First World Landslide Forum, November 18-21, Tokyo, Japan, p. 589. [Link]
  • Geertsema, M. and D.M. Cruden. 2008. Terrain stability mapping on British Columbia forest lands: a historical perspective. In: 4th Canadian Conference on Geohazards, Quebec PQ [Link]
  • Geertsema, M. and D.M. Cruden. 2008. Travels in the Canadian Cordillera. In: 4th Canadian Conference on Geohazards, Quebec PQ [Link]
  • Hebda, R.J., J.A. Burns, M. Geertsema, and A.J.T. Jull. 2008. AMS-dated late Pleistocene taiga vole (Rodentia: Microtus xanthognathus) from northeast British Columbia, Canada: a cautionary lesson in chronology. Can. J. Earth Sci. 45(5):611-618 [Link]

2007:

  • Geertsema, M. and J.J. Pojar. 2007. Influence of landslides on biophysicaldiversity - A perspective from British Columbia. Geomorphology 89(1-2):55-69 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., V.N. Egginton, J.W. Schwab, and J.J. Clague. 2007. Landslides and historical climate in northern British Columbia. Chapter 2 In Proceedings of the International Conference on Landslides and Climate Change, Ventnor, Isle of Wight, UK, 21-24 May 2007. [Link]

2006:

  • Boultbee, N., D. Stead, J. Schwab, and M. Geertsema. 2006. The Zymoetz River rock avalanche, June 2002, British Columbia, Canada. Engineering Geology 83(1-3):76-93. [Link]
  • Egginton, V.N., M. Geertsema, J.W. Schwab, and J.J. Clague. 2006. Examining climate controls of recent landslides in northern British Columbia, Canada. poster presented at the American Geophysical Union fall meeting in San Fransisco. 
  • Geertsema, M. 2006. Hydrogeomorphic hazards in northern British Columbia. Royal Dutch Geographical Society. Netherlands Geographical Studies 341. Utrecht: KNAG/Fac. Geowetenschappen. 184 p. [Link]
  • Jull, A.J.T. and M. Geertsema. 2006. Over 16,000 years of fire frequency determined from AMS radiocarbon dating of soil charcoal in an alluvial fan at Bear Flat, northeastern British Columbia. Radiocarbon 48(3):435-450 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M. and J.J. Clague. 2006. 1,000-year record of landslide dams at Halden Creek, northeastern British Columbia. Landslides 3(3):217-227. [Link]
  • Geertsema, M. and J.W. Schwab. 2006. Challenges with terrain stability mapping in Northern British Columbia. Streamline Watershed Management Bulletin 10(1):18-26 
  • Geertsema, M., D.M. Cruden, and J.W. Schwab. 2006. A large rapid landslide in sensitive glaciomarine sediments at Mink Creek, northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Engineering Geology 83(1-3):36-63. [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., O. Hungr, J.W. Schwab, and S.G. Evans. 2006. A large rockslide-debris avalanche in cohesive soil at Pink Mountain, northeastern British Columbia, Canada. Engineering Geology 83(1-3):64-75. [Link]
  • Sanborn, P., M. Geertsema, A.J.T. Jull, and B. Hawkes. 2006. Soil and sedimentary charcoal evidence for Holocene forest fires in an inland temperate rainforest, east-central British Columbia, Canada. The Holocene 16(3):415-427 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M., J.J. Clague, J.W. Schwab, and S.G. Evans. 2006. An overview of recent large catastrophic landslides in northern British Columbia, Canada. Engineering Geology 83(1-3):120-143. [Link]
  • Ward, B., M. Geertsema, A. Tekla, and R. Mathewes. 2006. A paleoecological record of climatic deterioration from middle to late Wisconsinan time on the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, Canada. presented at Annual Meeting of the Atlantic Geoscience Society. February 3-4, 2006. Greenwich, Nova Scotia. pp. 76.

2000 to 2005:

2005:

  • Geertsema, M. and J.J. Clague. 2005. Jökulhlaups at Tulsequah Glacier, northwestern British Columbia, Canada. The Holocene 15(2):310-316 [Link]
  • Geertsema, M. and J.K. Torrance. 2005. Quick clay from the Mink Creek landslide near Terrace, British Columbia: Geotechnical properties, mineralogy, and geochemistry. Can. Geotech. J. 42(3):907-918 [Link]

2004:

  • Schwab, J.W., M. Geertsema, and A. Blais-Stevens. 2004. The Khyex River landslide of November 28, 2003, Prince Rupert British Columbia Canada. Landslides 1(3):243-246. [Link]

2002:

  • Evans, S.G., J. Clague, O. Hungr, M. Geertsema, and D. Septer. 2002. Climate change and geomorphological hazards in the Canadian Cordillera; the anatomy of impacts and some tools for adaption. Scientific Report 1999-2001 - Summary of Activities and Results. Climate Change Action Fund Project A099. 14 pp.

2000:

  • Geertsema, M. 2000. Outburst Floods at Tulsequah Glacier; Northwestern British Columbia. Forest Sciences, Prince Rupert For. Region. Ext. Note 43.

1999 and earlier:

1998:

  • Stumpf, A.J., B.E. Broster, V.M. Levson, M. Geertsema, and J.W. Schwab. 1998. Stability of glacial silt and clay deposits in central British Columbia. In: Moore, D. and O. Hungr (editors). Proceedings of the 8th Congress of the International Association of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 21-25 September 1998, Vancouver, BC. pp. 1897-1903.
  • Wilford, D., D. Maloney, J. Schwab, and M. Geertsema. 1998. Tributary Alluvial Fans. Forest Sciences, Prince Rupert For. Region. Ext. Note 30. 

1997:

  • Geertsema, M. and J.W. Schwab. 1997. Retrogressive flowslides in the Terrace-Kitimat, British Columbia area: from early post-deglaciation to present and implications for future slides. In: Proceedings of 11th Vancouver Geotechnical Society Symposium, Vancouver, pp 115-133 

1996:

  • Geertsema, M. and J.W. Schwab. 1996. A photographic overview and record of the Mink Creek earthflow, Terrace, British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Res. Rep. 08. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/rr/rr08.htm [Link]
  • Wilford, D., J. Schwab, M. Geertsema, and D. Maloney. 1996. Assessing Gullies. Forest Sciences, Prince Rupert For. Region. Ext. Note 19. 
  • Geertsema, M. 1996. Earthflow Generated Wetlands. Forest Sciences, Prince Rupert For. Region. Ext. Note 20. 

1995:

  • Geertsema, M. and J. Schwab. 1995. The Mink Creek Earthflow. Forest Sciences, Prince Rupert For. Region. Ext. Note 04. 
  • Gruber S, Arenson L, Geertsema M, Harris S, Burn C, Smith S, Bonnaventure P, and Benkert B.  Permafrost in mountainous areas of Canada. GeoQuebec.